According to the annual census conducted by the National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (Insee), Paris has seen a decline in its population, with 2,133,111 inhabitants as of January 1, 2021. This represents an average decrease of 0.6% from 2015 to 2021, with an average annual loss of 12,230 inhabitants since 2015.

The population decline is not evenly distributed across all areas of Paris, with some districts experiencing a more significant decrease, such as the VIIe arrondissement. In contrast, the Île-de-France region, the most populous in the country, continues to gain inhabitants at a rate of 0.3% per year since 2015, aligning with the national average population growth rate.

Looking at population trends in Paris districts, the XVᵉ arrondissement remains the most populous, with 227,746 inhabitants, followed by the XXe (189,805 inhabitants) and the XVIIIe (188,446 inhabitants). These districts have experienced average annual growth rates of -0.5% from 2015 to 2021. However, the VIIe arrondissement has seen an average annual growth rate of -2.1% between 2015 and 2021, while the Xe has experienced a rate of -1.6%.

The contrasting population trends between Paris and the surrounding Île-de-France region highlight the complex dynamics at play within different areas of France. While the capital city grapples with a continuing decline in its population, the broader metropolitan region continues to attract new inhabitants and grow at a steady pace. This data offers valuable insights into the evolving population landscape of France’s most iconic city.